Letter to the Editor

Transumbilical hernial laparotomy for a cystic abdominal mas

GENDER MAINSTREAMING IN TO COMMUNITY BASED DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT

Although women are considered as the most vulnerable group in the society; but very little attention has been made to take into consideration the issue of gender sensitivity during the phase of Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction as well as Management in both natural and manmade disaster. In Pakistan a very limited number of organization are working to address the issue of mainstreaming of women in pre and post disaster activities. The goal of this paper is to synthesize and review the issue of disaster and gender mainstreaming. This paper highlights the gaps in terms of disaster preparedness by adopting CBDRM; and also critically analyzes the importance of the mainstreaming the element of gender in the phase of Disaster Mainstreaming overall in general and specific in the context of Pakistan. Recommendations and suggestions of the paper can be used to design and implement comprehensive CBDRM Preparedness Plan by mainstreaming the element of Gender sensitivity

An In-Depth Analysis of Tutoring Strategies in ASSISTments

This Interactive Qualifying Project involved designing and conducting studies that compared various types of tutoring methods for middle school students using the Assistments system. Three separate experiments were conducted for comparing Tutoring against No Tutoring, Correctness against Test Mode and Mastery Learning against Regular Tutoring methods. The data collected was then analyzed to propose effective tutoring methods. Content for the experiments was developed using Assistments and the study was run at Oak Middle School

A Rare Case of Adult Congenital Heart Disease: Single Ventricular Chamber with Anomalous Right Coronary Artery in an Octogenarian

ABSTRACT Patients with single-ventricle physiology encompass a wide array of anatomic subtypes, including but not limited to: tricuspid atresia, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, doubleoutlet or double-inlet ventricles. The outcomes for patients with single ventricle born before 1990 are relatively poor. An 81-year-old female presented to the hospital as non-ST elevation myocardial infarction. She was started on antiplatelet and anticoagulation. Echocardiogram revealed a single ventricle which was thought to be left ventricle with possible transposition of great vessels. Angiography was performed that identified the single ventricle and anomalous origin of the right coronary artery (RCA). She was also found to have double vessel coronary artery disease with diffuse stenosis of mid-RCA at 80% and proximal circumflex at 95%. She was managed conservatively as was high risk for CABG given her rare congenital condition. Patients with single ventricle are at risk of long-term morbidity, including heart failure, neurological injury, and early death. The mortality risk of these patients is high as most of the patients without corrective surgery do not proceed to adulthood. Our case had multivessel coronary artery stenosis along with a rare presentation of congenital heart disease in adulthood. The patient was offered percutaneous coronary intervention, but she declined and chose to be treated conservatively with only medical management. We present a rare case of an elderly female surviving with a single ventricular chamber. The patient is an exception to the usual process of the pathology as most patients without corrective surgery seldom survive into adulthood

Acoustic Localization for Mobile Open-Source Network Deployment

Acoustic localization is a system of determining the position of a sound source via an array of acoustic sensors. Historically, acoustic localization has been performed by hardware that was custom designed for the task. But if it were possible to use commercially available cell phones as acoustic sensors, then there could be a substantial savings in non-recurring engineering costs and a significant speed up in the time to realization of a system. This project used two cell phones to investigate the potential of a cell phone to perform acoustic localization. The phones were connected to a wireless network where they streamed audio data to a computer to be processed. The phones show potential for future use in not only acoustic localization but many different types of sensor networks

Effect of the Rolling Mode on Texture Development of Cu26Fe2Ni Alloy System

The main objective of the present work was to study the cold rolled texture of Cu26Fe2Ni alloy system at different reductions using the XRD analysis techniques and then co-relate it with various mechanical properties. The Cu26Fe2Ni alloy was produced from pure elemental constituents using a vacuum induction melting furnace and casted as cylindrical ingots having 10 cm length and 5 cm diameter. For homogenization of the structure the cast ingots were heated to 950 ºC for six hours and cooled in the furnace. Then, these ingots were hot forged using an open die forging to form samples having dimensions 200 x 45 x 10 mm approximately. The forged plates were cut into two halves and each one was cold rolled (unidirectionally) to a final thickness of 0.69 mm. During rolling after every 25 % reduction, the cold rolled samples were annealed at a temperature of 900 ºC for one hour. The diffraction patterns were scanned using Siemens JEOL JDX-99C X-Ray Diffractometer with Ni-filter and Cu-Ka radiation for XRD analysis of cast and rolled samples. The deformation texture was then co-related with the mechanical properties, e.g. hardness, UTS, yield strength and elongation. It was observed that the intensity of (111) plane gradually decreases where as intensity of (220) plane gradually increases after cold rolling

Nexus between willingness to pay for renewable energy sources: Evidence from Turkey

The willingness to pay (WTP) plays a central role in directing appropriate policy regarding ambitious renewable energy targets. Based on this discrepancy, this study intends to investigate the willingness to pay (WTP) for Turkish citizens regarding green electricity by using a one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA). The interviews were conducted comprising 2500 households in 12 major metropolitan cities of Turkey, which is based on the contingent valuation method and consists of 26 questions. The results indicate that for a 20% share of renewable energy, middle-income groups are willing to pay higher than lower and upper-income groups. Moreover, highly environmentally conscious people tend to pay more for a 20% share of green energy. On the other hand, high-income groups and old age groups indicated a positive and high willingness to pay for a 30% share of renewable energy (RE) sources. In addition, primary school and undergraduate educational groups recorded highly significant results for willingness to pay. The results also indicate that Turkish citizens are willing to pay 9.25 Turkish liras (TL) per month for a 20% share and 4.77 Turkish liras per month for a 30% share of renewable energy in total energy production.Q1WOS:0005681197000043289747

Prediction of cognitive and intellectual competence in kindergarten schools associated with general measures of health: a study on children with age ranges between 4 to 7 years

BACKGROUND Stunting refers to the low “height-for-age” measurement. Literature suggests that it is associated with delayed or diminished physical development, cognition and intellectual abilities. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to estimate the physical growth measures among children under 4 to 7 years of age and to determine its relationship with cognitive deficits & intellectual performances

EFFECTS OF RECYCLING ON THE PROPERTIES OF GLASS FIBRE REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE

Recycled polymers are considered low performance materials because their properties are expected to reduce drastically with recycling. The objective of the present study was to characterize 30 wt. % glass fibre reinforced polypropylene (GFRPP) recycled for four generations. Samples for tensile testing of virgin and four recycled generation of GFRPP were prepared by injection molding techniques and tested using Instron 20 KN. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was also carried out to study the thermal properties of recycled and virgin samples of glass fibre reinforced polypropylene. Results showed that the thermal properties especially the transition temperature of GFRPP was not affected at all by the recycling process. In contrast the tensile strength decreased as number of recycling generations of glass fibres reinforced polypropylene increased. This research work demonstrates that 100 % recycled GFRPP can be used effectively only for two recycle generations. However, some modifications/treatments are necessary for GFRPP to use it more efficiently for further recycles

A novel iterative approach for resolving generalized variational inequalities

For figuring out general variational inequalities, we propose a novel and innovative iterative method. First, we demonstrate that the fixed point formulation and general vaiational inequality are equivalent. The fixed point formulation is used to formulate the explicit and implicit schemes. The general variational inequalities are the basis for the new algorithms. The newly developed algorithm is demonstrated numerically. For figuring out general variational inequalities, these new methods are innovative. Additionally, the convergence analysis is provided under certain favorable conditions